DNSSEC Debugger

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Time: 2026-08-12 17:50:29 UTC

Analyzing DNSSEC problems for irs.gov

DS=20326/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

DS=38696/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

	Checking DS between Trust Anchor and .
	`. IN DS ( 20326 8 2 e06d44b80b8f1d39a95c0b0d7c65d08458e880409bbc683457104237c7f8ec8d )`
	`. IN DS ( 38696 8 2 683d2d0acb8c9b712a1948b27f741219298d0a450d612c483af444a4c0fb2b16 )`
	Query to f.root-servers.net for ./DNSKEY
	Received 1139 bytes from 192.5.5.241
	;; Response received from [192.5.5.241] 1139 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 39456 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1472, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; . IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeCYD6Z7WWKVLeuWgowKP+3g+Gs1cnLKq7a3CaQxQpv8bfuFVI0WnG33qaSH/Mw9IBgifrdz f4XY/DQLnyBJ9MfaOyAWuEaEmYJ+GQPiwVVfstGwSA1McfFJUttTgq2Huu74KARhtA8wPo/N3Xcy YQtNhz+qCM5NBb3ecx/naw6sYab9LxS6f2cU0q03++BP5Ks0Uef8WJCa/1izCYE+vMkwoltV+tEN a3hpXiZ7jle/xdgaZrPi5ZGmyLVI34g1XVYrNlsCCTmNvFQIfzW5STFQFsQpizczyFn9r3LzSxxP CNwdlCG84bER0BmdwqbF6Tanv+FxMOavrahkj4wIy5k= ) ; keytag 57780 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696 . 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260831000000 20260810000000 20326 . V78PtBnjcahYNt6ZWnzGlM+EExU9UNP4kRg5NGdsDW8OUHNRWY86PPVrQoWY3uwSbIVxs/mv9XJx oH/NdZm46Amyns74QH6IuPcCk055P1xF8f37JaSzrn+AA9vJCicqH8fnOSG7mSXs6W+or+1tJ5zL Npqjj+IuXyWOcTB0/W3loQYrPxdYIieY2DuSPRmXvpC4Z3LjMnOSvO4Q87V2ayUuPIdhO2w6Ltr3 /k6qRfSnyAcvhomTnf55nzn/Pl3urhbB/sx8VypzJZg/76nLCSxrS4XuDU8ORagQA99GeeuqFgLu fdMhNgr5m/QE6tworB9ptU8CHkhizUgIZxCd4A== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for .
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeCYD6Z7WWKVLeuWgowKP+3g+Gs1cnLKq7a3CaQxQpv8bfuFVI0WnG33qaSH/Mw9IBgifrdz f4XY/DQLnyBJ9MfaOyAWuEaEmYJ+GQPiwVVfstGwSA1McfFJUttTgq2Huu74KARhtA8wPo/N3Xcy YQtNhz+qCM5NBb3ecx/naw6sYab9LxS6f2cU0q03++BP5Ks0Uef8WJCa/1izCYE+vMkwoltV+tEN a3hpXiZ7jle/xdgaZrPi5ZGmyLVI34g1XVYrNlsCCTmNvFQIfzW5STFQFsQpizczyFn9r3LzSxxP CNwdlCG84bER0BmdwqbF6Tanv+FxMOavrahkj4wIy5k= ) ; keytag 57780`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696`
	DNSKEY=20326/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=20326/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=20326/SEP
	DNSKEY=38696/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=38696/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=38696/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`. 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260831000000 20260810000000 20326 . V78PtBnjcahYNt6ZWnzGlM+EExU9UNP4kRg5NGdsDW8OUHNRWY86PPVrQoWY3uwSbIVxs/mv9XJx oH/NdZm46Amyns74QH6IuPcCk055P1xF8f37JaSzrn+AA9vJCicqH8fnOSG7mSXs6W+or+1tJ5zL Npqjj+IuXyWOcTB0/W3loQYrPxdYIieY2DuSPRmXvpC4Z3LjMnOSvO4Q87V2ayUuPIdhO2w6Ltr3 /k6qRfSnyAcvhomTnf55nzn/Pl3urhbB/sx8VypzJZg/76nLCSxrS4XuDU8ORagQA99GeeuqFgLu fdMhNgr5m/QE6tworB9ptU8CHkhizUgIZxCd4A== )`
	RRSIG=20326 and DNSKEY=20326/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=57780 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to e.root-servers.net for irs.gov/A
	Received 614 bytes from 192.203.230.10
	;; Response received from [192.203.230.10] 614 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 31916 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1472, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) gov. 172800 IN NS a.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS b.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS c.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS d.ns.gov. gov. 86400 IN DS ( 2536 13 2 0baf26b7bbf313a859046fd3b1ee49ddfba33934cfb3e717c21e2a2935c2f259 ) gov. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260825050000 20260812040000 57780 . cf9nX+JNgclczaGNBBp6WoB1L3lmmf4xQL9+ZEqAPIW+L5eiW1h6cqe+ImCfmWnr3pg73SaWk+r+ xPM6Ah4oseFiOTGvOevSLGyYfFj+VMKOXYMmKcjfNfjgnEFHw1j2i9Em8kEixKuJFejlRm+a8YX6 1hti6WAgO65E1mQ8HlzoHuL6X660lTVInFRMXVmdy55RNkPE9FDEklwEkH8LBEw3zYn4SS0eKEzC NwxCiD+z53FOPlWzHlLnpvDMQu4U5gIqxdGcjBMf+54eJ/B0ChwAYFFO8tJCnQ1oykD/1BEKtGJ2 ZpPnT+YmUz2qk40w0QWiJieLRmowNgTAuDduMw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) a.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.230.1 a.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff40::1 b.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.231.1 b.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff41::1 c.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.232.1 c.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff42::1 d.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.233.1 d.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff43::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to a.root-servers.net for gov/DNSKEY
	Received 610 bytes from 198.41.0.4
	;; Response received from [198.41.0.4] 610 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 64957 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; gov. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) gov. 172800 IN NS c.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS a.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS d.ns.gov. gov. 172800 IN NS b.ns.gov. gov. 86400 IN DS ( 2536 13 2 0baf26b7bbf313a859046fd3b1ee49ddfba33934cfb3e717c21e2a2935c2f259 ) gov. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260825050000 20260812040000 57780 . cf9nX+JNgclczaGNBBp6WoB1L3lmmf4xQL9+ZEqAPIW+L5eiW1h6cqe+ImCfmWnr3pg73SaWk+r+ xPM6Ah4oseFiOTGvOevSLGyYfFj+VMKOXYMmKcjfNfjgnEFHw1j2i9Em8kEixKuJFejlRm+a8YX6 1hti6WAgO65E1mQ8HlzoHuL6X660lTVInFRMXVmdy55RNkPE9FDEklwEkH8LBEw3zYn4SS0eKEzC NwxCiD+z53FOPlWzHlLnpvDMQu4U5gIqxdGcjBMf+54eJ/B0ChwAYFFO8tJCnQ1oykD/1BEKtGJ2 ZpPnT+YmUz2qk40w0QWiJieLRmowNgTAuDduMw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) c.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.232.1 c.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff42::1 a.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.230.1 a.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff40::1 d.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.233.1 d.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff43::1 b.ns.gov. 172800 IN A 199.33.231.1 b.ns.gov. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:ff41::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone gov

gov

	Checking DS between . and gov
	Query to m.root-servers.net for gov/DS
	Received 367 bytes from 202.12.27.33
	;; Response received from [202.12.27.33] 367 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 11295 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; gov. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) gov. 86400 IN DS ( 2536 13 2 0baf26b7bbf313a859046fd3b1ee49ddfba33934cfb3e717c21e2a2935c2f259 ) gov. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260825050000 20260812040000 57780 . cf9nX+JNgclczaGNBBp6WoB1L3lmmf4xQL9+ZEqAPIW+L5eiW1h6cqe+ImCfmWnr3pg73SaWk+r+ xPM6Ah4oseFiOTGvOevSLGyYfFj+VMKOXYMmKcjfNfjgnEFHw1j2i9Em8kEixKuJFejlRm+a8YX6 1hti6WAgO65E1mQ8HlzoHuL6X660lTVInFRMXVmdy55RNkPE9FDEklwEkH8LBEw3zYn4SS0eKEzC NwxCiD+z53FOPlWzHlLnpvDMQu4U5gIqxdGcjBMf+54eJ/B0ChwAYFFO8tJCnQ1oykD/1BEKtGJ2 ZpPnT+YmUz2qk40w0QWiJieLRmowNgTAuDduMw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for gov in the . zone
	DS=2536/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`gov. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260825050000 20260812040000 57780 . cf9nX+JNgclczaGNBBp6WoB1L3lmmf4xQL9+ZEqAPIW+L5eiW1h6cqe+ImCfmWnr3pg73SaWk+r+ xPM6Ah4oseFiOTGvOevSLGyYfFj+VMKOXYMmKcjfNfjgnEFHw1j2i9Em8kEixKuJFejlRm+a8YX6 1hti6WAgO65E1mQ8HlzoHuL6X660lTVInFRMXVmdy55RNkPE9FDEklwEkH8LBEw3zYn4SS0eKEzC NwxCiD+z53FOPlWzHlLnpvDMQu4U5gIqxdGcjBMf+54eJ/B0ChwAYFFO8tJCnQ1oykD/1BEKtGJ2 ZpPnT+YmUz2qk40w0QWiJieLRmowNgTAuDduMw== )`
	RRSIG=57780 and DNSKEY=57780 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=2536/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`gov. 86400 IN DS ( 2536 13 2 0baf26b7bbf313a859046fd3b1ee49ddfba33934cfb3e717c21e2a2935c2f259 )`
	Query to c.ns.gov for gov/DNSKEY
	Received 291 bytes from 199.33.232.1
	;; Response received from [199.33.232.1] 291 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 43342 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; gov. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) gov. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 D6ZhJTObQw3+kcewWf5iTHbzD3uTdbs5xf0kQfP/VXZcDovWJd0DUgHlp2VC002aLDCwhLoPPVN2 VfyoPnjCqg== ) ; keytag 2536 gov. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 Of5kU9k4XfdcPwCK9k/zRJNu+Xspnw/BDd+1V6ZpDXRIpHe35BnHTZUBJN9gd6++HkiGXx2YnTji iO7/q+Yamg== ) ; keytag 35496 gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 3600 20261003110635 20260803110635 2536 gov. XUZ657krApKGzoz2twWTc/VbY74D+7Qkq3QU29eBUNTvEPE4n/7mZNNhh5jIwKoipaObtUqFgM+b I3js8xLTKA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for gov
	`gov. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 D6ZhJTObQw3+kcewWf5iTHbzD3uTdbs5xf0kQfP/VXZcDovWJd0DUgHlp2VC002aLDCwhLoPPVN2 VfyoPnjCqg== ) ; keytag 2536`
	`gov. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 Of5kU9k4XfdcPwCK9k/zRJNu+Xspnw/BDd+1V6ZpDXRIpHe35BnHTZUBJN9gd6++HkiGXx2YnTji iO7/q+Yamg== ) ; keytag 35496`
	DNSKEY=2536/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=2536/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=2536/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 3600 20261003110635 20260803110635 2536 gov. XUZ657krApKGzoz2twWTc/VbY74D+7Qkq3QU29eBUNTvEPE4n/7mZNNhh5jIwKoipaObtUqFgM+b I3js8xLTKA== )`
	RRSIG=2536 and DNSKEY=2536/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=35496 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to c.ns.gov for irs.gov/A
	Received 249 bytes from 199.33.232.1
	;; Response received from [199.33.232.1] 249 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 60286 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) irs.gov. 10800 IN NS ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com. irs.gov. 10800 IN NS ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com. irs.gov. 3600 IN DS ( 10226 8 2 c94f81e17566ebb0aca0227e07297e9b3236b9dcafc018bbe72ce0c9229630bb ) irs.gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 3600 20260813185029 20260811165029 35496 gov. He202VhhXvtejEaRfgdlRC5dIOVm+huySxcxLxkXW5oAXZD3NKW9iE76pxBVNolv6jQVOKe8Xv+X lO6H2vtWgg== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to b.ns.gov for irs.gov/DNSKEY
	Received 249 bytes from 199.33.231.1
	;; Response received from [199.33.231.1] 249 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 14171 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) irs.gov. 10800 IN NS ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com. irs.gov. 10800 IN NS ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com. irs.gov. 3600 IN DS ( 10226 8 2 c94f81e17566ebb0aca0227e07297e9b3236b9dcafc018bbe72ce0c9229630bb ) irs.gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 3600 20260813185029 20260811165029 35496 gov. WdPun0NIsYvOoPiQoLeVGj8qaAkHiWlYe+NwCVqCu+0IplUha8EW3Xx8mEwZfLHe2xtvC4c+8hbK AIb16/YSkA== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone irs.gov

irs.gov

	Checking DS between gov and irs.gov
	Query to b.ns.gov for irs.gov/DS
	Received 183 bytes from 199.33.231.1
	;; Response received from [199.33.231.1] 183 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 31318 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) irs.gov. 3600 IN DS ( 10226 8 2 c94f81e17566ebb0aca0227e07297e9b3236b9dcafc018bbe72ce0c9229630bb ) irs.gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 3600 20260813185029 20260811165029 35496 gov. Ttp3eqOkXe+WQ101l2RVFDXqEpuB9GWeCqe2haxvIZa6aiU+O78edsBXK5sHA/z08KhXcS9Sm30m lbVjpN4oqg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for irs.gov in the gov zone
	DS=10226/SHA-256 has algorithm RSASHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`irs.gov. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 3600 20260813185029 20260811165029 35496 gov. Ttp3eqOkXe+WQ101l2RVFDXqEpuB9GWeCqe2haxvIZa6aiU+O78edsBXK5sHA/z08KhXcS9Sm30m lbVjpN4oqg== )`
	RRSIG=35496 and DNSKEY=35496 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=10226/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`irs.gov. 3600 IN DS ( 10226 8 2 c94f81e17566ebb0aca0227e07297e9b3236b9dcafc018bbe72ce0c9229630bb )`
	Query to ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/DNSKEY
	Received 883 bytes from 162.159.32.23
	;; Response received from [162.159.32.23] 883 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 51314 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) irs.gov. 10800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAYz3gN/2WRLT4r374atite1706I7GKvb24ktWtiJKFOB8ObYGiV+bKJR79svJ0l24JGJDXLo +aS5wdhNG3EWZ+IoJjMRvAMwh3ycpZ4ehy0bGrnpLmREXZ/c8O6v7Qw0P/TIOg1UWA2QUZHx1LrY QiKqjDPFzhnJWbDXVDTU2VTZO8gyZY0Wx7WNCVal8RZjYxJyk54mWLEWXnfjoxBOzi8UEIaFEjbh 0w/ZWhayeHg/HyZibJ9uhIXARUGKc5Y76Lc81qjlKHrMkM11ETzn2pS0VztuXNbVqUfkoljhl+s6 Nufm/RdaPm0Bg5PDs2Wv52c1aW0c8xJlz5YsEt6CvQs= ) ; keytag 17823 irs.gov. 10800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdyBXX4YQk/F+GRZr0fnahrki3+8fXT4xgbeKjhBqtYm4YIaOCYVP2Ld0HOimw2oYC9Hm51w +EPxwVp3Y3Yvb3ldpLnxUmHhzh7cAwxeRbBEoj1s6vxdwhLFrbabhtkB+ZATbBLccRhJSa9hcgLJ HMG+RQ4Q9pXzfJktjS/vutdcXPma0zWUjMk/VEg9o9RQG1BNNYRFJVBWbi6eHbNQc16Skz53jSiU 4dSm5xFK71tAz6gB5YGwlSL/05moLUgTE9PkfZZFhRidK02TDOXof/sxjSTafNXn44NjB4caZfko bDRQHRKlrQNd7MqGtEq5cWTQHJwOdjIEU7Vayefv4Z0= ) ; keytag 10226 irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 2 10800 20260823095859 20260809082859 10226 irs.gov. rnqzLQax9xe2Fl5EMTglLJjT4QC+4LpayeLIE03q/uSfoSU3qy+7E6PAfg7Z/1VPDmXmCxul5qh/ 84YEXJBl1jCfYzKnkwGc/YJ5BKPSKFuV4D0RGN3Z+ae5IlilTbzKn9mI1YqeiHKQEgL9+60Z1hY+ xger9/34boOYGUAdgoNaGn5TYLFfrDeJM7DxLz0VGof/SA8qyreo8OwpotkRYEh5sDYzcctCUNG7 Tt2h5DMk+Vxw+B0Hy+XDKTOe/Br1dMN2WE3iqbwc2+31M5hIVjFH3Gf4I6h9tY3voLmEeiWMTzJa eSDAAYClpeF1G4S6Pr8275BXrkaJVh+zAnNh0A== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for irs.gov
	`irs.gov. 10800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAYz3gN/2WRLT4r374atite1706I7GKvb24ktWtiJKFOB8ObYGiV+bKJR79svJ0l24JGJDXLo +aS5wdhNG3EWZ+IoJjMRvAMwh3ycpZ4ehy0bGrnpLmREXZ/c8O6v7Qw0P/TIOg1UWA2QUZHx1LrY QiKqjDPFzhnJWbDXVDTU2VTZO8gyZY0Wx7WNCVal8RZjYxJyk54mWLEWXnfjoxBOzi8UEIaFEjbh 0w/ZWhayeHg/HyZibJ9uhIXARUGKc5Y76Lc81qjlKHrMkM11ETzn2pS0VztuXNbVqUfkoljhl+s6 Nufm/RdaPm0Bg5PDs2Wv52c1aW0c8xJlz5YsEt6CvQs= ) ; keytag 17823`
	`irs.gov. 10800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdyBXX4YQk/F+GRZr0fnahrki3+8fXT4xgbeKjhBqtYm4YIaOCYVP2Ld0HOimw2oYC9Hm51w +EPxwVp3Y3Yvb3ldpLnxUmHhzh7cAwxeRbBEoj1s6vxdwhLFrbabhtkB+ZATbBLccRhJSa9hcgLJ HMG+RQ4Q9pXzfJktjS/vutdcXPma0zWUjMk/VEg9o9RQG1BNNYRFJVBWbi6eHbNQc16Skz53jSiU 4dSm5xFK71tAz6gB5YGwlSL/05moLUgTE9PkfZZFhRidK02TDOXof/sxjSTafNXn44NjB4caZfko bDRQHRKlrQNd7MqGtEq5cWTQHJwOdjIEU7Vayefv4Z0= ) ; keytag 10226`
	DNSKEY=10226/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=10226/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=10226/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 2 10800 20260823095859 20260809082859 10226 irs.gov. rnqzLQax9xe2Fl5EMTglLJjT4QC+4LpayeLIE03q/uSfoSU3qy+7E6PAfg7Z/1VPDmXmCxul5qh/ 84YEXJBl1jCfYzKnkwGc/YJ5BKPSKFuV4D0RGN3Z+ae5IlilTbzKn9mI1YqeiHKQEgL9+60Z1hY+ xger9/34boOYGUAdgoNaGn5TYLFfrDeJM7DxLz0VGof/SA8qyreo8OwpotkRYEh5sDYzcctCUNG7 Tt2h5DMk+Vxw+B0Hy+XDKTOe/Br1dMN2WE3iqbwc2+31M5hIVjFH3Gf4I6h9tY3voLmEeiWMTzJa eSDAAYClpeF1G4S6Pr8275BXrkaJVh+zAnNh0A== )`
	RRSIG=10226 and DNSKEY=10226/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=17823 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/A
	Received 363 bytes from 162.159.32.23
	;; Response received from [162.159.32.23] 363 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 43778 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) irs.gov. 10800 IN A 152.216.7.110 irs.gov. 10800 IN A 152.216.11.110 irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( A 8 2 10800 20260823055858 20260809042858 17823 irs.gov. eLLNeEQkTrWwahuJg8xJU8qDiZ6gbuu2qdlOAGFgV/zk/ps90PiORRWpT7A93pig9AnPhBTHNSer z48DPn1P8YzLQZ+RPJIT4aflDIzmmH0ps3PVtaRla/+nDDprVdl8mXrx82EA7OYojyi4cN85fFeT RaGGkUTCYazkVB+OmLUxaU3jITL6J13iQ2Fw/wIqmsj/UC1yIfKm2g6IK2evp/fd89HXOPMzLov6 EbwaY0HDEE0W6Jmz92WU9aooiU7mbpkbqRvlMYxUYg+bJI1Ut+XAlzs/wE5oY0gZyfWQKRmpLGiT cIUJdtdEyzjaPspeJRbJ+oo1MSeocdmkfM/zXA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com is authoritative for irs.gov
	Found RRSIG signed by irs.gov zone
	Query to ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/SOA
	Received 401 bytes from 162.159.33.102
	;; Response received from [162.159.33.102] 401 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 27678 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) irs.gov. 900 IN SOA ( ns1.irs.gov. it\.aciouns\.external\.dns\.admin.irs.gov. 2010093277 ;serial 3600 ;refresh 1800 ;retry 2419200 ;expire 900 ;minimum ) irs.gov. 900 IN RRSIG ( SOA 8 2 10800 20260825094239 20260811081239 17823 irs.gov. cBGZ0hKScjfzfUn3q6uBT7A1Q+SIg7P7ekNRoxx8NTiH5VHjwogTNujrhAt8hTU4d5JizzoyjIRv f7RSOmIlNzZ7kZALXnjh1Nrlj2mjli+fRpdPRCZMNH5ZMrzJGdnnZgMTFVMOVw4pqKNJoSUuCyrJ s3WLHpEWPB7MetDUvPE4aTcdJqKPwi9pSayq0aQAeAyEjJ6vXSaGJjdbrkMbfrvB2ANfddzW9EIG kjNmWerxN0XyIZdoK6+GptW5VE0bns+XhlkIFZVWbaLwsNfqm4r9Bb1D9pUPMdQFxb1UOU/ecrLR v3N0vfcorNFhuKCXrwhJY/fzl6DDEsP66gWn0A== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to ns0022.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/A
	irs.gov A RR has value 152.216.7.110
	irs.gov A RR has value 152.216.11.110
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( A 8 2 10800 20260823055858 20260809042858 17823 irs.gov. eLLNeEQkTrWwahuJg8xJU8qDiZ6gbuu2qdlOAGFgV/zk/ps90PiORRWpT7A93pig9AnPhBTHNSer z48DPn1P8YzLQZ+RPJIT4aflDIzmmH0ps3PVtaRla/+nDDprVdl8mXrx82EA7OYojyi4cN85fFeT RaGGkUTCYazkVB+OmLUxaU3jITL6J13iQ2Fw/wIqmsj/UC1yIfKm2g6IK2evp/fd89HXOPMzLov6 EbwaY0HDEE0W6Jmz92WU9aooiU7mbpkbqRvlMYxUYg+bJI1Ut+XAlzs/wE5oY0gZyfWQKRmpLGiT cIUJdtdEyzjaPspeJRbJ+oo1MSeocdmkfM/zXA== )`
	RRSIG=17823 and DNSKEY=17823 verifies the A RRset

irs.gov

	Query to ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/A
	Received 363 bytes from 162.159.33.102
	;; Response received from [162.159.33.102] 363 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 48749 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; irs.gov. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) irs.gov. 10800 IN A 152.216.7.110 irs.gov. 10800 IN A 152.216.11.110 irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( A 8 2 10800 20260823055858 20260809042858 17823 irs.gov. eLLNeEQkTrWwahuJg8xJU8qDiZ6gbuu2qdlOAGFgV/zk/ps90PiORRWpT7A93pig9AnPhBTHNSer z48DPn1P8YzLQZ+RPJIT4aflDIzmmH0ps3PVtaRla/+nDDprVdl8mXrx82EA7OYojyi4cN85fFeT RaGGkUTCYazkVB+OmLUxaU3jITL6J13iQ2Fw/wIqmsj/UC1yIfKm2g6IK2evp/fd89HXOPMzLov6 EbwaY0HDEE0W6Jmz92WU9aooiU7mbpkbqRvlMYxUYg+bJI1Ut+XAlzs/wE5oY0gZyfWQKRmpLGiT cIUJdtdEyzjaPspeJRbJ+oo1MSeocdmkfM/zXA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com is authoritative for irs.gov
	Found RRSIG signed by irs.gov zone
	Query to ns0227.secondary.cloudflare.com for irs.gov/A
	irs.gov A RR has value 152.216.7.110
	irs.gov A RR has value 152.216.11.110
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`irs.gov. 10800 IN RRSIG ( A 8 2 10800 20260823055858 20260809042858 17823 irs.gov. eLLNeEQkTrWwahuJg8xJU8qDiZ6gbuu2qdlOAGFgV/zk/ps90PiORRWpT7A93pig9AnPhBTHNSer z48DPn1P8YzLQZ+RPJIT4aflDIzmmH0ps3PVtaRla/+nDDprVdl8mXrx82EA7OYojyi4cN85fFeT RaGGkUTCYazkVB+OmLUxaU3jITL6J13iQ2Fw/wIqmsj/UC1yIfKm2g6IK2evp/fd89HXOPMzLov6 EbwaY0HDEE0W6Jmz92WU9aooiU7mbpkbqRvlMYxUYg+bJI1Ut+XAlzs/wE5oY0gZyfWQKRmpLGiT cIUJdtdEyzjaPspeJRbJ+oo1MSeocdmkfM/zXA== )`
	RRSIG=17823 and DNSKEY=17823 verifies the A RRset

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